Related Topics: Homeland Security Research

Homeland Security Research Products in the Science Inventory

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  • Keyword = 'water security' AND 'chemical'.
Records 1 to 25 of 228

2023
Full-Scale Cybersecurity Build Out Plans and Cost Estimate
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jul 31, 2023]
The Water Security Test Bed (WSTB) is a full-scale representation of a drinking water distribution pipe that conveys potable water. It is the product of a partnership between Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  Currently, the syste...
Modeling Nicotine-Induced Chlorine Loss in Drinking Water Using Updated EPANET-MSX
(JOURNAL) [Published : Dec 01, 2023]
This study illustrates the usage of multi-species modeling tool to analyze water quality and evaluate water safety within drinking water distribution system.
Strategies to minimize sediment contamination and transport in distribution systems
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jul 31, 2023]
Drinking water storage tanks serve several important functions, which include but are not limited to providing an adequate water supply in the case of firefighting emergencies, power outages, water main breaks, or other system failures. The water level elevation in storage tanks ...
2022
A vulnerability assessment of wildland fire impacts to public drinking water in the western and southeastern United States
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : May 27, 2022]
Wildland fires in the United States (U.S.) have increased in frequency and area burned since the mid-1980s. This trend is most pronounced in the western United States, and to a lesser extent in the nation’s southeastern region. Historic fire suppression policies have result...
2021
Decision tool to support objectives, strategies, and tactics in a radiological mitigation and recovery event
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Nov 05, 2021]
 In all, this presentation will familiarize the audience on the decision support tool’s overall versatility and breadth to which it can support objectives, strategies, and tactics not only for nuclear and radiological releases, but also chemical and biological threat a...
Decontamination of urban surfaces contaminated with radioactive materials and consequent onsite recycling of the waste water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 04, 2021]
Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pr...
Direct Aqueous Injection of the Fluoroacetate Anion in Potable Water for Analysis by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 11, 2021]
Sodium fluoroacetate is a highly lethal pesticide, which is registered for use to control livestock. It does not have a known antidote and is stable in potable water. If a water contamination incident with this pesticide were to occur, a fast, robust analytical method would be ne...
Evaluating Manual Sampling Locations for Regulatory and Emergency Response
(JOURNAL) [Published : Dec 01, 2021]
Drinking water utilities deliver high-quality, potable water to consumers. However, they could be at risk for potential accidental or intentional contamination incidents in the distribution system. Research showed the potential benefit of continuous, online sensors to monitor wat...
Evaluation of Street Sweeper Spray Systems for Effective Decontamination of Fixed and Loose Radioactive Contamination
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Nov 05, 2021]
To this end, this study partnered with a world-wide supplier of street sweepers to mimic the operation of their sweeper at the laboratory scale in order to study its capabilities and evaluate its efficacy against contaminated dust and dissolved forms of radioactive contamination....
External Dose to Recovery Teams Following a Wide-Area Nuclear or Radiological Release Event
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2021]
The primary objective of this study was to quantify the dose incurred to workers performing a remediation recovery effort for roadways and buildings following a wide-area release event.
Optimal sampling locations to reduce uncertainty in contamination extent in water distribution systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 01, 2021]
Drinking water utilities rely on samples collected from the distribution system to provide assurance of water quality. If a water contamination incident is suspected, samples can be used to determine the source and extent of contamination. By determining the extent of contaminati...
Selecting Readily Available Equipment for Wide Area Response and Recovery. RRLT: an intelligent tool for radiological incidents
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : May 19, 2021]
Through an intelligent software wizard, the RRLT helps the user understand what types of equipment might be available to accomplish general and specific recovery mission activities based on environmental and operational constraints. The purpose of the RRLT is to increase the resi...
Water on Wheels (WOW) Mobile Emergency Water Treatment System Cart
(COMMUNICATION PRODUCT) [Published : Sep 13, 2021]
Most emergency water treatment systems are large and expensive tractor-trailer mounted systems. They can be complicated to operate and maintain (high pressures and concentrated wastes) given their reliance on reverse osmosis water treatment technology. An emergency water treatmen...
2020
Functional categories of microbial toxicity resulting from three advanced oxidation process treatments during management and disposal of contaminated water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 20, 2020]
Contaminated waters could contain harmful chemicals, which present management and disposal challenges. This study investigates three The results indicate that AOP pre-treatment can be a viable strategy to facilitate drain disposal of contaminated waters, but that eco-toxicity may...
Review of Modeling Methodologies for Managing Water Distribution Security
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2020]
Activities for managing the security of water distribution systems assess and manage hazards that threaten water delivery, water quality, and physical and cybernetic infrastructure. This manuscript conducts a review of academic literature to report on the state-of-the-art in mode...
Water-On-Wheels (WOW) Mobile Emergency Water Treatment System Cart - User Manual
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jun 30, 2020]
Treatment Train: •Up to 10 gallons per minute •Pre-filtration to reduce turbidity and improve disinfection •Two media filtration/adsorption tanks for targeted chemical or radiological contaminant removal (e.g. Granular Activated Carbon or Ion Exchange) •UV LED for additional ...
2019
A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials and evaluation of wash agents: Implications for wide area recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
The sorption and desorption properties of radionuclides onto common building materials such as concrete are critical factors in the improvement of techniques for mitigating a release of nuclear or radiological material to the urban environment. A potential option for the early p...
Design, Testing, and Deployment of a Mobile Emergency Water Treatment System
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
This mobile treatment technology system in this study is referred to as the Water-On-Wheels (WOW) Cart. The mobile system originally consisted of a pre-filter, an on-site chlorine generator, and a pump attached to a dolly or frame with wheels. The frame also provided space to st...
Future of Water Distribution Modeling and Data Analytics Tools
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Oct 01, 2019]
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for helping communities prepare for and recover from disasters that result in threats to public health and the environment. EPA’s National Homeland Security Research Center’s (NHSRC) mission is to focus on the research...
High Pressure Decontamination of Building Materials During Radiological Incident Recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2019]
High pressure decontamination of certain surface building materials is concluded to be a promising rapid, readily available response technique, with the data from this study informing its practical implementation. Removal efficacy of radionuclides from concrete are high when perf...
Numerical Model for Decontamination of Organic Contaminants in Polyethylene Drinking Water Pipes in Premise Plumbing by Flushing
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2019]
Polymeric materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene are used extensively for drinking water applications. These materials are subject to permeation by organic compounds, such as those found in petroleum products and industrial chemicals, which can result in water quality i...
Quantifying hydraulic and water quality uncertainty to inform sampling of drinking water distribution systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
Sampling of drinking water distribution systems is performed to satisfy regulatory requirements but also to respond to customer complaints or emergency situations. Water distribution system modeling techniques can be used to plan and inform sampling strategies; however, a high de...
The Use of Hollow Fiber Dialysis Filters Operated in Axial Flow Mode for Recovery of Microorganisms in Large Volume Water Samples with High Loadings of Particulate Matter
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 05, 2019]
The objective of this study was to evaluate axial flow hollow fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) in the recovery of target organisms in large volumes of turbid water that would be similar to water encountered in the cleanup of a biologically contaminated area such as the B. anthracis c...
Using Hydraulic Modeling Tools to Assess the Resilience of Drinking Water Distributions Systems
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Oct 08, 2019]
Water distribution systems are among the most critical civil infrastructure and must be prepared to withstand or quickly recover from any disruptive incident. With increasing threats to drinking water systems, including natural disasters, water shortages, power outages, bioterro...
2018
Direct aqueous injection of the fluoroacetate anion in potable water for analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 29, 2018]
Journal Article describes the analysis of sodium fluoroacetate by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Four different drinking waters contaminated with the target analyte were evaluated.